Mark Clilverd

Atmospheric Physicist IMP 3

Team

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Mark Clilverd

Atmospheric Physicist IMP 3

Biography

Principal investigator (with C. J. Rodger) of the Antarctic-Arctic Radiation-belt (Dynamic) Deposition – VLF Atmospheric Research Konsortium (AARDDVARK).

UK rep to International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, IAGA, (2013 -onwards).

UK rep to the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, SCAR, Sun-Earth Relationships and Antarctica group (2014 – onwards).

Member of the CHemical Aeronomy in the Mesosphere and Ozone in the Stratosphere (CHAMOS) science team.

Member of the British Geological Survey Geomagnetism Advisory Group (2005-onwards).

International Union of Radio Science (URSI) representative to the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, an inter-disciplinary committee of the International Council for Science. (2005-2014).

Member of the European Space Weather Week Programme Committee (2013-2015).

UK representative, URSI Commission H. (2002-2005)

Conclusions of study [Seppälä et al., 2009] selected as a highlight in the 2010 science activities of the British Antarctic Survey and featured in their Annual Report (BAS Annual Report 2009-2010, page 7, 2010).

Conclusions of study [Gamble et al., 2008] described in the Editor’s Choice section of the American Geophysical Union publication, Space Weather Quarterly. Howard J. Singer, Radio Signals From Australia Perturb Radiation Belt Electrons, Editor’s Choice in Space Weather Quarterly, Volume 6, Issue 1, pg. 8, 2009.

Incorporation of research work through 2 references in the Chapter 4 of the latest WMO Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006 (Feb 2007).

Conclusions of study [Rodger et al., 2006] described in New Scientist magazine (issue 2565, 19 Aug. 2006) and New Scientist website.

Papers selected by journal editors as scientific highlight of that month’s issue of Geophysical Research Letters [Rodger et al., 2001; Rodger and Clilverd, 2002].

Polar Medal for services to Science in the Antarctic, presented by H.M. The Queen, 1998.

Laws prize awarded to outstanding young scientists of the British Antarctic Survey for Antarctic research, 1994.

Royal Society Post-doctoral Fellowship in Physics, undertaken at the Department of Physics, University of Otago, 1990-1991.

Biography

PhD: University of Sheffield 1990 BSc (Hons): University of Southampton 1984

Research interests

Upper Atmosphere and Space Physics focused on the impact of energetic particle effects on the Earth’s atmosphere and climate system.

Collaborations

Publications from NERC Open Research Archive

2025

Mac Manus, D.H. , Rodger, C.J. , Renton, A., Lo, V., Malone‐Leigh, J., Petersen, T. , Copland, M., Hendry, A.T. , Clilverd, M.A. , Richardson, G.S. . (2025) Implementing Geomagnetically Induced Currents Mitigation During the May 2024 “Gannon” G5 Storm: Research Informed Response by the New Zealand Power Network. Space Weather, 23 (). pp. doi:10.1029/2025SW004388

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J. , Mac Manus, D.H. , Brundell, J.B., Dalzell, M. , Renton, A., Lo, V., Lapthorn, A. , Smith, A.W. , Malone‐Leigh, J. , Feng, X., Petersen, T. . (2025) Geomagnetically Induced Currents, Transformer Harmonics, and Reactive Power Impacts of the Gannon Storm in May 2024. Space Weather, 23 (). 17 pp. doi:10.1029/2024SW004235

Thomson, Neil R. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J. . (2025) Ionospheric D Region: Characteristics Near Dawn and Dusk. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130 (). 18 pp. doi:10.1029/2024JA033610

Crack, Malcolm, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Hendry, Aaron T. , Sauvaud, Jean-Andre. (2025) Energetic Electron Precipitation From the Radiation Belts: Geomagnetic and Solar Wind Proxies for Precipitation Flux Magnitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130 (). 16 pp. 10.1029/2024JA033158

Schneider, H., Wendt, V., Banyś, D., Hansen, M., Clilverd, M. , Verronen, P.T.. (2025) Impact of Sudden Stratospheric Warming and Elevated Stratopause Events on the Very Low Frequency Radio Signal. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130 (). 26 pp. 10.1029/2024JA033320

Hansen, Marc, Banyś, Daniela, Clilverd, Mark , Wenzel, David, Raita, Tero, Hoque, Mohammed Mainul. (2025) Investigation of the October effect in very low-frequency (VLF) signals. Annales Geophysicae, 43 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-43-55-2025

2024

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Hendry, A.T. , Lozinski, A.R. , Sauvaud, J.‐A., Lessard, M.R., Raita, T.. (2024) Improved Energy Resolution Measurements of Electron Precipitation Observed During an IPDP‐Type EMIC Event. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2024JA032785

Crack, M., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M. , Mac Manus, D.H., Martin, I., Dalzell, M., Subritzky, S.P., Watson, N.R., Petersen, T.. (2024) Even-Order Harmonic Distortion Observations During Multiple Geomagnetic Disturbances: Investigation From New Zealand. Space Weather, 22 (). 19 pp. 10.1029/2024SW003879

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Tarr, Anna, Mac Manus, Daniel H., George, Harriet, Petersen, Tanja, Renton, Andrew. (2024) Space Weather: A Global Hazard from Space to New Zealand’s Technological Infrastructure. In: Pozza, Maria A. (eds.). Ascending to Space, Singapore, Springer, 29 pp. (Space Law and Policy, ). 10.1007/978-981-97-0714-0_11

Wendt, V., Schneider, H., Banyś, D., Hansen, M., Clilverd, M.A. , Raita, T.. (2024) Why Does the October Effect Not Occur at Night?. Geophysical Research Letters, 51 (). 9 pp. 10.1029/2023GL107445

Schneider, H., Wendt, V., Banys, D., Clilverd, M. , Raita, T.. (2024) Processing of VLF Amplitude Measurements: Deduction of a Quiet Time Seasonal Variation. Radio Science, 59 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2023RS007834

Reidy, J.A. , Horne, R.B. , Glauert, S.A. , Clilverd, M.A. , Meredith, N.P. , Rodger, C.J., Ross, J.P. , Wong, J. . (2024) Characterizing Radiation‐Belt Energetic Electron Precipitation Spectra: A Comparison of Quasi‐Linear Diffusion Theory With In Situ Measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 129 (). 18 pp. 10.1029/2023JA031641

2023

Mac Manus, D.H., Rodger, C.J., Renton, A., Ronald, J., Harper, D., Taylor, C., Dalzell, M., Divett, T., Clilverd, M.A. . (2023) Geomagnetically Induced Current Mitigation in New Zealand: Operational Mitigation Method Development With Industry Input. Space Weather, 21 (). 18 pp. 10.1029/2023SW003533

Žigman, Vida, Dominique, Marie, Grubor, Davorka, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2023) Lower-ionosphere electron density and effective recombination coefficients from multi-instrument space observations and ground VLF measurements during solar flares. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 247 (). 15 pp. 10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106074

Sarris, Theodoros, Palmroth, Minna, Aikio, Anita, Buchert, Stephan Christoph, Clemmons, James, Clilverd, Mark , Dandouras, Iannis, Doornbos, Eelco, Goodwin, Lindsay Victoria, Grandin, Maxime, Heelis, Roderick, Ivchenko, Nickolay, Moretto-Jørgensen, Therese, Kervalishvili, Guram, Knudsen, David, Liu, Han-Li, Lu, Gang, Malaspina, David M., Marghitu, Octav, Maute, Astrid, Miloch, Wojciech J., Olsen, Nils, Pfaff, Robert, Stolle, Claudia, Talaat, Elsayed, Thayer, Jeffrey, Tourgaidis, Stelios, Verronen, Pekka T., Yamauchi, Masatoshi. (2023) Plasma-neutral interactions in the lower thermosphere-ionosphere: The need for in situ measurements to address focused questions. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 9 (). 16 pp. 10.3389/fspas.2022.1063190

Sarris, Theodore E., Tourgaidis, Stelios, Pirnaris, Panagiotis, Baloukidis, Dimitrios, Papadakis, Konstantinos, Psychalas, Christos, Buchert, Stephan C., Doornbos, Eelco, Clilverd, Mark A. , Verronen, Pekka T., Malaspina, David, Ahmadi, Narges, Dandouras, Iannis, Kotova, Anna, Miloch, Wojciech J., Knudsen, David, Olsen, Nils, Marghitu, Octav, Matsuo, Tomoko, Marchaudon, Aurelie, Hoffmann, Alex, Lajas, Dulce, Stromme, Anja, Taylor, Matthew, Aikio, Anita, Palmroth, Minna, Heelis, Roderick, Ivchenko, Nickolay, Stolle, Claudia, Kervalishvili, Guram, Moretto-Jørgensen, Therese, Pfaff, Robert, Siemes, Christian, Visser, Pieter, van den Ijssel, Jose, Lu, Gang, Li, Han-Li, Sandberg, Ingmar, Papadimitriou, Constantinos, Vogt, Joachim, Blagau, Adrian, Stachlys, Nele. (2023) Daedalus MASE (Mission Assessment through Simulation Exercise): a toolset for analysis of in situ missions and for processing global circulation model outputs in the Lower Thermosphere-Ionosphere. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 9 (). 30 pp. 10.3389/fspas.2022.1048318

2022

Mac Manus, D.H., Rodger, C.J., Dalzell, M., Renton, A., Richardson, G.S., Petersen, T., Clilverd, M.A. . (2022) Geomagnetically Induced Current Modeling in New Zealand: Extreme Storm analysis using multiple disturbance scenarios and industry provided hazard magnitudes. Space Weather, 20 (). pp. 10.1029/2022SW003320

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Hendry, Aaron T., Forsyth, Colin. (2022) Examination of Radiation Belt Dynamics during Substorm Clusters: Magnetic Local Time Variation and Intensity of Precipitating Fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (). 24 pp. 10.1029/2022JA030750

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2022) Ionospheric D region: VLF‐measured Electron Densities compared with Rocket‐Based FIRI‐2018 Model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2022JA030977

Salzano, Michelle, Lessard, Marc R., Noh, SungJun, Kim, Hyomin, Waters, Colin, Engebretson, Mark J., Horne, Richard , Clilverd, Mark , Kadokura, Akira, Tanaka, Yoshimasa, Kim, Khan-Hyuk, Matzka, Jürgen, Fromm, Tanja, Goldstein, Jerry, Kim, Myeong Joon. (2022) Modeling the effects of drift shell splitting in two case studies of simultaneous observations of substorm-driven Pi1B and IPDP-type EMIC waves. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (). 16 pp. 10.1029/2022JA030600

Smith, A.W., Rodger, C.J., Manus, D.H. Mac, Forsyth, C., Rae, I.J., Freeman, M.P. , Clilverd, M.A. , Petersen, T., Dalzell, M.. (2022) The correspondence between sudden commencements and geomagnetically induced currents: Insights from New Zealand. Space Weather, 20 (). 18 pp. 10.1029/2021SW002983

Mironova, Irina, Sinnhuber, Miriam, Bazilevskaya, Galina, Clilverd, Mark , Funke, Bernd, Makhmutov, Vladimir, Rozanov, Eugene, Santee, Michelle L., Sukhodolov, Timofei, Ulich, Thomas. (2022) Exceptional middle latitude electron precipitation detected by balloon observations: Implications for atmospheric composition. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 22 (). 14 pp. 10.5194/acp-22-6703-2022

Newnham, David A. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Clark, William D.J., Kosch, Michael, Verronen, Pekka T., Rogers, Alan E.E.. (2022) Ground-based Ku-band microwave observations of ozone in the polar middle atmosphere. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 15 (). pp. 10.5194/amt-15-2361-2022

Briand, Carine, Clilverd, Mark , Inturi, Srivani, Cecconi, Baptiste. (2022) Role of hard X-ray emission in ionospheric D-layer disturbances during solar flares. Earth, Planets and Space, 74 (). 11 pp. 10.1186/s40623-022-01598-2

Mac Manus, D.H., Rodger, C.J., Ingham, M., Clilverd, M.A. , Dalzell, M., Divett, T., Richardson, G.S., Petersen, T.. (2022) Geomagnetically induced current model in New Zealand across multiple disturbances: Validation and extension to non‐monitored transformers. Space Weather, 20 (). 23 pp. 10.1029/2021SW002955

Pataki, Bálint Ármin, Lichtenberger, János, Clilverd, Mark , Máthé, Gergely, Steinbach, Péter, Pásztor, Szilárd, Murár‐Juhász, Lilla, Koronczay, Dávid, Ferencz, Orsolya, Csabai, István. (2022) Monitoring space weather: using automated, accurate neural network based whistler segmentation for whistler inversion. Space Weather, 20 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2021SW002981

Rodger, Craig J., Hendry, Aaron T., Clilverd, Mark A. , Forsyth, Colin, Morley, Steven K.. (2022) Examination of radiation belt dynamics during substorm clusters: Activity drivers and dependencies of trapped flux enhancements. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (). 20 pp. 10.1029/2021JA030003

Tyssøy, H. Nesse, Sinnhuber, M., Asikainen, T., Bender, S., Clilverd, M.A. , Funke, B., Kamp, M., Pettit, J.M., Randall, C.E., Reddmann, T., Rodger, C.J., Rozanov, E., Smith‐Johnsen, C., Sukhodolov, T., Verronen, P.T., Wissing, J.M., Yakovchuk, O.. (2022) HEPPA III intercomparison experiment on electron precipitation impacts, part I: Estimated ionization rates during a geomagnetic active period in April 2010. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (). 27 pp. 10.1029/2021JA029128

2021

Belcher, Samuel R.G., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Cook, Sophie, Thomson, Neil R., Brundell, James B., Raita, Tero. (2021) Solar flare X‐ray impacts on long subionospheric VLF paths. Space Weather, 19 (). 15 pp. 10.1029/2021SW002820

Walton, S.D., Forsyth, C., Rae, I.J., Watt, C.E.J., Thompson, R.L., Horne, R.B. , Meredith, N.P. , Rodger, C.J., Walach, M.‐T., Clilverd, M.A. , Glauert, S.A. . (2021) Cross-L* coherence of the outer radiation belt during 2 storms and the role of the plasmapause. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126 (). 17 pp. 10.1029/2021JA029308

Macotela, E.L., Clilverd, M. , Renkwitz, T., Chau, J., Manninen, J., Banyś, D.. (2021) Spring‐fall asymmetry in VLF amplitudes recorded in the North Atlantic region: The fall‐effect. Geophysical Research Letters, 48 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2021GL094581

Guttu, S., Orsolini, Y., Stordal, F., Otterå, O.H., Omrani, N., Tartaglione, N., Verronen, P.T., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. . (2021) Impacts of UV Irradiance and Medium-Energy Electron Precipitation on the North Atlantic Oscillation during the 11-Year Solar Cycle.. Atmosphere, 12 (). 21 pp. 10.3390/atmos12081029

Hendry, A.T., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Morley, S.K.. (2021) Evidence of sub‐MeV EMIC‐driven trapped electron flux dropouts from GPS observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 48 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2021GL092664

Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig J., Freeman, Mervyn P. , Brundell, James B., Mac Manus, Daniel H., Dalzell, Michael, Clarke, Ellen, Thomson, Alan W.P., Richardson, Gemma S., MacLeod, Finlay, Frame, Ian. (2021) Geomagnetically induced currents during the 07-08 September 2017 disturbed period: a global perspective. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 11 (). 15 pp. 10.1051/swsc/2021014

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Brundell, James B., Rodger, Craig J.. (2021) Quiet night Arctic ionospheric D region characteristics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126 (). 16 pp. 10.1029/2020JA029043

Reidy, J.A. , Horne, R.B. , Glauert, S.A. , Clilverd, M. , Meredith, N.P. , Woodfield, E. , Ross, J.P. , Allison, H.J., Rodger, C.J.. (2021) Comparing electron precipitation fluxes calculated from pitch angle diffusion coefficients to LEO satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126 (). 18 pp. 10.1029/2020JA028410

Hendry, A.T., Seppälä, A., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. . (2021) Impact of EMIC‐wave driven electron precipitation on the radiation belts and the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 126 (). pp. 10.1029/2020JA028671

Palmroth, M., Grandin, M., Sarris, T., Doornbos, E., Tourgaidis, S., Aikio, A., Buchert, S., Clilverd, M.A. , Dandouras, I., Heelis, R., Hoffmann, A., Ivchenko, N., Kervalishvili, G., Knudsen, D.J., Kotova, A., Liu, H-L., Malaspina, D.M., March, G., Marchaudon, A., Marghitu, O., Matsuo, T., Miloch, W.J., Moretto-Jørgensen, T., Mpaloukidis, D., Olsen, N., Papadakis, K., Pfaff, R., Pirnaris, P., Siemes, C., Stolle, C., Suni, J., van den IJssel, J., Verronen, P.T., Visser, P., Yamauchi, M.. (2021) Lower-thermosphere-ionosphere (LTI) quantities: current status of measuring techniques and models. Annales Geophysicae, 39 (). 49 pp. 10.5194/angeo-39-189-2021

2020

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Brundell, James B., Dalzell, Michael, Martin, Ian, Mac Manus, Daniel H., Thomson, Neil R.. (2020) Geomagnetically Induced Currents and Harmonic Distortion: High time Resolution Case Studies. Space Weather, 18 (). pp. 10.1029/2020SW002594

Juhász, L., Lichtenberger, J., Omura, Y., Friedel, R.H.W., Clilverd, Mark . (2020) The derivation of bi-Maxwell distribution variables from chorus emissions detected on the ground. In: 33rd URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium Sapienza Faculty of Engineering, Rome, Italy, 28 August - 4 September 2021. Union Radio-Scientifique Internationale.

Newnham, D.A. , Rodger, C.J., Marsh, D.R., Hervig, M.E., Clilverd, M.A. . (2020) Spatial distributions of nitric oxide in the Antarctic winter‐time middle atmosphere during geomagnetic storms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 125 (). 17 pp. 10.1029/2020JA027846

Sarris, Theodoros E., Talaat, Elsayed R., Palmroth, Minna, Dandouras, Iannis, Armandillo, Errico, Kervalishvili, Guram, Buchert, Stephan, Tourgaidis, Stylianos, Malaspina, David M., Jaynes, Allison N., Paschalidis, Nikolaos, Sample, John, Halekas, Jasper, Doornbos, Eelco, Lappas, Vaios, Moretto Jørgensen, Therese, Stolle, Claudia, Clilverd, Mark , Wu, Qian, Sandberg, Ingmar, Pirnaris, Panagiotis, Aikio, Anita. (2020) Daedalus: a low-flying spacecraft for in situ exploration of the lower thermosphere-ionosphere. Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, 9 (). pp. 10.5194/gi-9-153-2020

Hendry, A.T., Santolik, O., Miyoshi, Y., Matsuoka, A., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Kletzing, C.A., Shoji, M., Shinohara, I.. (2020) A multi-instrument approach to determining the source‐region extent of EEP-driving EMIC Waves. Geophysical Research Letters, 47 (). pp. 10.1029/2019GL086599

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , MacManus, Daniel H., Martin, Ian, Dalzell, Michael, Brundell, James B., Divett, Tim, Thomson, Neil R., Petersen, Tanja, Obana, Yuki, Watson, Neville R.. (2020) Geomagnetically Induced Currents and Harmonic Distortion: Storm‐time Observations from New Zealand. Space Weather, 18 (). pp. 10.1029/2019SW002387

Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig, van de Kamp, Max, Verronen, Pekka. (2020) Electron precipitation from the outer radiation belt during the St Patrick’s Day storm 2015: observations, modelling, and validation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 125 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2019JA027725

2019

George, Harriet E., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Cresswell‐Moorcock, Kathy, Brundell, James B., Thomson, Neil R.. (2019) Developing a nowcasting capability for X‐Class solar flares using VLF radiowave propagation changes. Space Weather, 17 (). pp. 10.1029/2019SW002297

Capman, N.S.S., Simms, L.E., Engebretson, M.J., Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, C.J., Reeves, G.D., Lessard, M.R., Gjerloev, J.. (2019) Comparison of multiple and logistic regression analyses of relativistic electron flux enhancement at geosynchronous orbit following storms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA027132

Gokani, Sneha, Kosch, Mike, Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig J., Sinha, Ashwini K.. (2019) What fraction of the outer radiation belt relativistic electron flux at L≈3‐4.5 was lost to the atmosphere during the dropout event of the St Patrick’s Day storm of 2015?. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA026278

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2019) Very low latitude whistler‐mode signals: Observations at three widely spaced latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA027033

Hendry, Aaron T., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Engebretson, Mark J.. (2019) Ground-based very-low-frequency radio wave observations of energetic particle precipitation. In: Jaynes, Allison, Usanova, Maria (eds.). The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts: From Loss in the Magnetosphere to Particle Precipitation in the Atmosphere, , Elsevier, pp.

Rodger, Craig J., Turner, Drew L., Clilverd, Mark A. , Hendry, Aaron T.. (2019) Magnetic local time‐resolved examination of radiation belt dynamics during high speed solar wind speed triggered substorm clusters. Geophysical Research Letters, 46 (). pp. 10.1029/2019GL083712

Douma, E., Rodger, C.J., Blum, L.W., O'Brien, T.P., Clilverd, M.A. , Blake, J.B.. (2019) Characteristics of relativistic microburst intensity from SAMPEX observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA026757

Ross, Johnathan P.J. , Meredith, Nigel P. , Glauert, Sarah A. , Horne, Richard B. , Clilverd, Mark A. . (2019) Effects of VLF transmitter waves on the inner belt and slot region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA026716

Meredith, Nigel P. , Horne, Richard B. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Ross, Johnathan P.J. . (2019) An investigation of VLF transmitter wave power in the inner radiation belt and slot region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA026715

Koronczay, Dávid, Lichtenberger, János, Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig, Lotz, Stefan, Sannikov, Dmitry, Cherneva, Nina, Raita, Tero, Darrouzet, Fabien, Ranvier, Sylvain, Moore, Robert. (2019) The Source Regions of Whistlers.. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2019JA026559

Denton, M.H., Kivi, R., Ulich, T., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, Mark , Denton, J.S., Lester, M.. (2019) Observed response of stratospheric and mesospheric composition to sudden stratospheric warmings.. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 191 (). pp. 10.1016/j.jastp.2019.06.001

Macotela, Edith L., Clilverd, Mark A. , Manninen, Jyrki, Thomson, Neil R., Newnham, David A. , Raita, Tero. (2019) The effect of ozone shadowing on the D region ionosphere during sunrise. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA026415

Simms, Laura E., Engebretson, Mark J., Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig. (2019) Ground‐based observations of VLF waves as a proxy for satellite observations: Development of models including the influence of solar illumination and geomagnetic disturbance levels. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA026407

Newnham, David , Clilverd, Mark , Kosch, Michael, Verronen, Pekka T. (2019) Simulation study for ground-based Ku-band microwave observations of ozone and hydroxyl in the polar middle atmosphere. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 12 (). pp. 10.5194/amt-12-1375-2019

Lotz, S.I., Clilverd, Mark . (2019) Demonstrating the use of a class of min-max smoothers for D-region event detection in narrowband VLF phase. Radio Science, 54 (). pp. 10.1029/2018RS006701

Macotela, Edith L, Clilverd, Mark , Manninen, Jyrki, Moffat-Griffin, Tracy , Newnham, David A. , Raita, Tero, Rodger, Craig J. (2019) D-region high latitude forcing factors. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 124 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA026049

2018

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2018) Quiet daytime Arctic ionospheric D region. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA025669

Denton, M.H., Kivi, R., Ulich, T., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Horne, R.B. , Kavanagh, A.J. . (2018) Solar proton events and stratospheric ozone depletion over northern Finland. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 177 (). pp. 10.1016/j.jastp.2017.07.003

van de Kamp, M., Rodger, C.J., Seppälä, A., Clilverd, Mark A. , Verronen, P.T.. (2018) An updated model providing long-term data sets of energetic electron precipitation, including zonal dependence. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2017JD028253

Orsolini, Yvan J., Smith - Johnsen, Christine, Marsh, Daniel R., Stordal, Frode, Rodger, Craig J, Verronen, Pekka T, Clilverd, Mark A. . (2018) Mesospheric nitric acid enhancements during energetic electron precipitation events simulated by WACCM‐D. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2017JD028211

Newnham, David A. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, C.J., Hendrickx, K., Megner, L., Kavanagh, Andrew J. , Seppälä, A., Verronen, P.T., Andersson, M.E., Marsh, D.R., Kovács, T., Feng, W., Plane, J.M.C.. (2018) Observations and modelling of increased nitric oxide in the Antarctic polar middle atmosphere associated with geomagnetic storm driven energetic electron precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2018JA025507

Simms, Laura E., Engebretson, Mark J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Reeves, Geoffrey D.. (2018) Nonlinear and synergistic effects of ULF Pc5, VLF chorus, and EMIC waves on relativistic electron flux at geosynchronous orbit. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2017JA025003

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Brundell, James B., Dalzell, Michael, Martin, Ian, Mac Manus, Daniel H., Thomson, Neil R., Petersen, Tanja, Obana, Yuki. (2018) Long-lasting geomagnetically induced currents and harmonic distortion observed in New Zealand during the 07-08 September 2017 Disturbed Period. Space Weather, 16 (). pp. 10.1029/2018SW001822

Simms, Laura, Engebretson, Mark, Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig, Lessard, Marc, Gjerloev, Jesper, Reeves, Geoffrey. (2018) A distributed lag-autoregressive model of geostationary relativistic electron fluxes: comparing the influences of waves, seed and source electrons, and solar wind inputs. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1029/2017JA025002

Rae, I. Jonathan, Murphy, Kyle R., Watt, Clare E.J., Halford, Alexa J., Mann, Ian R., Ozeke, Louis G., Sibeck, David G., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Degeling, Alexander W., Forsyth, Colin, Singer, Howard J.. (2018) The role of localized compressional ultra-low frequency waves in energetic electron preipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1002/2017JA024674

Denton, M.H., Kivi, R., Ulich, T., Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., von der Gathen, P.. (2018) Northern Hemisphere stratospheric ozone depletion caused by solar proton events: the role of the polar vortex. Geophysical Research Letters, 45 (). pp. 10.1002/2017GL075966

Douma, Emma, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Hendry, Aaron T., Engebretson, Mark J., Lessard, Marc R.. (2018) Comparison of relativistic microburst activity seen by SAMPEX with ground-based wave measurements at Halley, Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 123 (). pp. 10.1002/2017JA024754

Seppälä, A., Douma, E., Rodger, C.J., Verronen, P.T., Clilverd, Mark A. , Bortnik, J.. (2018) Relativistic electron microburst events: Modeling the atmospheric impact. Geophysical Research Letters, 45 (). pp. 10.1002/2017GL075949

Andersson, M.E., Verronen, P.T., Marsh, D.R., Seppälä, A., Päivärinta, S.-M., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Kalakoski, N., van de Kamp, M.. (2018) Polar ozone response to energetic particle precipitation over decadal time scales: The role of medium-energy electrons. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 123 (). pp. 10.1002/2017JD027605

2017

Clilverd, Mark A. , Duthie, Roger , Rodger, Craig J., Hardman, Rachael L., Yearby, Keith H.. (2017) Long-term climate change in the D-region. Scientific Reports, 7 (). 8 pp. 10.1038/s41598-017-16891-4

Rodger, Craig J., Mac Manus, Daniel H., Dalzell, Michael, Thomson, Alan W.P., Clarke, Ellen, Petersen, Tanja, Clilverd, Mark A. , Divett, Tim. (2017) Long term geomagnetically induced current observations from New Zealand: peak current estimates for extreme geomagnetic storms. Space Weather, 15 (). pp. 10.1002/2017SW001691

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2017) Midlatitude ionospheric D region: height, sharpness and solar zenith angle. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122 (). pp. 10.1002/2017JA024455

Mac Manus, Daniel H., Rodger, Craig J., Dalzell, Michael, Thomson, Alan, Clilverd, Mark A. , Petersen, Tanja, Wolf, Moritz M., Thomson, Neil R., Divett, Tim. (2017) Long-term geomagnetically induced current observations in New Zealand: Earth return corrections and geomagnetic field driver. Space Weather, 15 (). pp. 10.1002/2017SW001635

Douma, Emma, Rodger, Craig J., Blum, Lauren W., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2017) Occurrence characteristics of relativistic electron microbursts from SAMPEX observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122 (). pp. 10.1002/2017JA024067

Matthes, Katja, Funke, Bernd, Andersson, Monika E., Barnard, Luke, Beer, Jurg, Charbonneau, Paul, Clilverd, Mark A. , Dudok de Wit, Thierry, Haberreiter, Margit, Hendry, Aaron, Jackman, Charles H., Kretzschmar, Matthieu, Kruschke, Tim, Kunze, Markus, Langematz, Ulrike, Marsh, Daniel R., Maycock, Amanda C., Misios, Stergios, Rodger, Craig J., Scaife, Adam A., Seppala, Annika, Shangguan, Ming, Sinnhuber, Miriam, Tourpali, Kleareti, Usokin, Ilya, van de Kamp, Max, Verronen, Pekka T., Versick, Stefan. (2017) Solar Forcing for CMIP6. Geoscientific Model Development, 10 (). pp. 10.5194/gmd-10-2247-2017

Oyama, S., Kero, A., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Miyoshi, Y., Partamies, N., Turunen, E., Raita, T., Verronen, P.T., Saito, S.. (2017) Energetic electron precipitation and auroral morphology at the substorm recovery phase. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122 (). pp. 10.1002/2016JA023484

Hendry, Aaron T., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2017) Evidence of sub-MeV EMIC-driven electron precipitation. Geophysical Research Letters, 44 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2016GL071807

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., McCarthy, Michael, Millan, Robyn, Blum, Lauren W., Cobbett, Neil, Brundell, James B., Danskin, Donald, Halford, Alexa J.. (2017) Investigating energetic electron precipitation through combining ground-based and balloon observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 122 (). pp. 10.1002/2016JA022812

2016

Kovács, Tamás, Plane, John M. C., Feng, Wuhu, Nagy, Tibor, Chipperfield, Martyn P., Verronen, Pekka T., Andersson, Monika E., Newnham, David A. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Marsh, Daniel R.. (2016) D-region ion–neutral coupled chemistry (Sodankylä Ion Chemistry, SIC) within the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM 4) – WACCM-SIC and WACCM-rSIC. Geoscientific Model Development, 9 (). pp. 10.5194/gmd-9-3123-2016

Hendry, Aaron T., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Engebretson, Mark J., Mann, Ian R., Lessard, Marc R., Raita, Tero, Milling, David K.. (2016) Confirmation of EMIC wave driven relativistic electron precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, 121 (). pp. 10.1002/2015JA022224

Simms, Laura E., Engebretson, Mark J., Pilipenko, Viacheslav, Reeves, Geoffrey D., Clilverd, Mark . (2016) Empirical predictive models of daily relativistic electron flux at geostationary orbit: Multiple regression analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, 121 (). pp. 10.1002/2016JA022414

van de Kamp, M., Seppala, Annika, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Verronen, P.T., Whittaker, I.C.. (2016) A model providing long-term data sets of energetic electron precipitation during geomagnetic storms. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 121 (). pp. 10.1002/2015JD024212

Rodger, Craig J., Cresswell-Moorcock, Kathy, Clilverd, Mark A. . (2016) Nature’s Grand Experiment: Linkage between magnetospheric convection and the radiation belts. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015JA021537

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Andersson, M.E., Seppala, A., Verronen, P.T.. (2016) Linkages between the radiation belts, polar atmosphere and climate: Electron precipitation through wave particle interactions. In: Balasis, Georgios, Daglis, Ioannis A., Mann, Ian R. (eds.). Waves, particles, and storms in geospace: a complex interplay, Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp.

2015

Rodger, Craig J., Hendry, Aaron T., Clilverd, Mark A. , Kletzing, Craig A., Brundell, James B., Reeves, Geoffrey D.. (2015) High-resolution in situ observations of electron precipitation-causing EMIC waves. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015GL066581

Seppälä, A., Clilverd, M. A. , Beharrell, M. J., Rodger, C. J., Verronen, P. T., Andersson, M. E., Newnham, D. A. . (2015) Substorm-induced energetic electron precipitation: Impact on atmospheric chemistry. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015GL065523

Seppälä, Annika, Clilverd, Mark A. . (2015) Response: Commentary: Energetic particle forcing of the Northern Hemisphere winter stratosphere: comparison to solar irradiance forcing. Frontiers in Physics, 3 (). pp. doi:10.3389/fphy.2015.00069

Hardman, Rachael, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Brundell, James B., Duthie, Roger , Holzworth, Robert H., Mann, Ian R., Milling, David K., Macusova, Eva. (2015) A case study of electron precipitation fluxes due to plasmaspheric hiss. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015JA021429

Blum, L. W., Halford, A., Millan, R., Bonnell, J. W., Goldstein, J., Usanova, M., Engebretson, M., Ohnsted, M., Reeves, G., Singer, H., Clilverd, M. , Li, X.. (2015) Observations of coincident EMIC wave activity and dusk-side energetic electron precipitation on 18-19 January 2013. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015GL065245

McCrea, Ian, Aikio, Anita, Alfonsi, Lucilla, Belova, Evgenia, Buchert, Stephan, Clilverd, Mark , Engler, Norbert, Gustavsson, Björn, Heinselman, Craig, Kero, Johan, Kosch, Mike, Lamy, Hervé, Leyser, Thomas, Ogawa, Yasunobu, Oksavik, Kjellmar, Pellinen-Wannberg, Asta, Pitout, Frederic, Rapp, Markus, Stanislawska, Iwona, Vierinen, Juha. (2015) The science case for the EISCAT_3D radar. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 2 (). 63 pp. doi:10.1186/s40645-015-0051-8

Clilverd, Mark A. , Duthie, Roger , Hardman, Rachael, Hendry, Aaron T., Rodger, Craig J., Raita, Tero, Engebretson, Mark, Lessard, Marc R., Danskin, Donald, Milling, David K.. (2015) Electron precipitation from EMIC waves: a case study from 31 May 2013. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015JA021090

Cresswell-Moorcock, Kathy, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Milling, David K.. (2015) Techniques to determine the quiet day curve for a long period of subionospheric VLF observations. Radio Science, 50 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2015RS005652

Neal, Jason J., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Thomson, Neil R., Raita, Tero, Ulich, Thomas. (2015) Long-term determination of energetic electron precipitation into the atmosphere from AARDDVARK subionospheric VLF observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA020689

Beharrell, M. J., Honary, F., Rodger, C. J., Clilverd, M. A. . (2015) Substorm-induced energetic electron precipitation: Morphology and prediction. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA020632

Miyoshi, Y., Oyama, S., Saito, S., Kurita, S., Fujiwara, H., Kataoka, R., Ebihara, Y., Kletzing, C., Reeves, G., Santolik, O., Clilverd, M. , Rodger, C. J., Turunen, E., Tsuchiya, F.. (2015) Energetic electron precipitation associated with pulsating aurora: EISCAT and Van Allen Probe observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. 10.1002/2014JA020690

Simms, Laura E., Engebretson, Mark J., Smith, A.J., Clilverd, Mark , Pilipenko, Viacheslav, Reeves, Geoffrey D.. (2015) Analysis of the effectiveness of ground-based VLF wave observations for predicting or nowcasting relativistic electron flux at geostationary orbit. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (). pp. 10.1002/2014JA020337

2014

Menk, Frederick, Kale, Zoë, Sciffer, Murray, Robinson, Peter, Waters, Colin, Grew, Russell, Clilverd, Mark , Mann, Ian. (2014) Remote sensing the plasmasphere, plasmapause, plumes and other features using ground-based magnetometers. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 4 (). 16 pp. doi:10.1051/swsc/2014030

Whittaker, Ian C., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2014) Characteristics of precipitating energetic electron fluxes relative to the plasmapause during geomagnetic storms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA020446

Andersson, M. E., Verronen, P. T., Rodger, C. J., Clilverd, M. A. , Seppälä, A.. (2014) Missing driver in the Sun–Earth connection from energetic electron precipitation impacts mesospheric ozone. Nature Communications, 5 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1038/ncomms6197

Simms, Laura E., Pilipenko, Viacheslav A., Engebretson, Mark J., Reeves, Geoffrey D., Smith, A.J., Clilverd, Mark . (2014) Prediction of relativistic electron flux at geostationary orbit following storms: Multiple regression analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA019955

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2014) Low-latitude ionospheric D region dependence on solar zenith angle. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA020299

Whittaker, Ian C., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Sauvaud, Jean-André. (2014) The effects and correction of the geometric factor for the POES/MEPED electron flux instrument using a multisatellite comparison. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014JA020021

Wedlund, Mea Simon, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Cresswell-Moorcock, Kathy, Cobbett, Neil, Breen, Paul , Danskin, Donald, Spanswick, Emma, Rodriguez, Juan V.. (2014) A statistical approach to determining energetic outer radiation-belt electron precipitation fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2013JA019715

Seppala, Annika, Clilverd, Mark A. . (2014) Energetic particle forcing of the Northern Hemisphere winter stratosphere: comparison to solar irradiance forcing. Frontiers in Physics, 2 (). 6 pp. doi:10.3389/fphy.2014.00025

Denton, M. H., Kosch, M. J., Borovsky, J. E., Clilverd, M. A. , Friedel, R. H. W., Ulich, T.. (2014) First optical observations of energetic electron precipitation at 4278 Å caused by a powerful VLF transmitter. Geophysical Research Letters, 41 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2014GL059553

Andersson, M. E., Verronen, P. T., Rodger, C. J., Clilverd, M. A. , Wang, S.. (2014) Longitudinal hot-spots in the mesospheric OH variations due to energetic electron precipitation. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14 (). pp. 10.5194/acp-14-1095-2014

2013

Whittaker, Ian C., Gamble, Rory J., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Sauvaud, Jean-André. (2013) Determining the spectra of radiation belt electron losses: Fitting DEMETER electron flux observations for typical and storm times. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2013JA019228

Newnham, David A. , Espy, Patrick J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Seppala, Annika, Maxfield, David J., Straub, Corinne, Holmén, Kim, Horne, Richard B. . (2013) Observations of nitric oxide in the Antarctic middle atmosphere during recurrent geomagnetic storms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. 10.1002/2013JA019056

Rodger, Craig J., Kavanagh, Andrew J. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Marple, Steve R.. (2013) Comparison between POES energetic electron precipitation observations and riometer absorptions; implications for determining true precipitation fluxes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. 10.1002/2013JA019439

Clilverd, Mark A. , Cobbett, Neil, Rodger, Craig J., Brundell, James B., Denton, Michael H., Hartley, David P., Rodriguez, Juan V., Danskin, Donald, Raita, Tero, Spanswick, Emma L.. (2013) Energetic electron precipitation characteristics observed from Antarctica during a flux dropout event. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1002/2013JA019067

Millan, R. M., McCarthy, M. P., Sample, J. G., Smith, D. M., Thompson, L. D., McGaw, D. G., Woodger, L. A., Hewitt, J. G., Comess, M. D., Yando, K. B., Liang, A. X., Anderson, B. A., Knezek, N. R., Rexroad, W. Z., Scheiman, J. M., Bowers, G. S., Halford, A. J., Collier, A. B., Clilverd, M. A. , Lin, R. P., Hudson, M. K.. (2013) The Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL). Space Science Reviews, 179 (). pp. doi:10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z

Verronen, Pekka T., Andersson, Monika E., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Wang, Shuhui, Turunen, Esa. (2013) Comparison of modeled and observed effects of radiation belt electron precipitation on mesospheric hydroxyl and ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50845

Bertoni, Fernando Celso Perin, Raulin, Jean-Pierre, Rivero Gavilán, Hernán, Kaufmann, Pierre, Rodriguez, Rodolfo, Clilverd, Mark , Cardenas, Jorge Samanes, Fernandez, Germán. (2013) Lower ionosphere monitoring by the South America VLF Network (SAVNET): C-region occurrence and atmospheric temperature variability. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1002/jgra.50559

Cresswell-Moorcock, Kathy, Rodger, Craig J., Kero, Antti, Collier, Andrew B., Clilverd, Mark A. , Häggström, Ingemar, Pitkänen, Timo. (2013) A re-examination of latitudinal limits of substorm-produced energetic electron precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. 10.1002/jgra.50598

Lichtenberger, János, Clilverd, Mark A. , Heilig, Balázs, Vellante, Massimo, Manninen, Jyrki, Rodger, Craig J., Collier, Andrew B., Jørgensen, Anders M., Reda, Jan, Holzworth, Robert H., Friedel, Reinhard, Simon-Wedlund, Mea. (2013) The plasmasphere during a space weather event: first results from the PLASMON project. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 3 (). 13 pp. doi:10.1051/swsc/2013045

Hendry, Aaron T., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Thomson, Neil R., Morley, Steven K., Raita, Tero. (2013) Rapid radiation belt losses occurring during high-speed solar wind stream-driven storms: importance of energetic electron precipitation. In: Summers, D., Mann, I.R., Baker, D.N., Schulz, M. (eds.). Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere, Washington, D.C., Wiley, pp. (Geophysical Monograph Series, ). doi:10.1029/2012GM001299

Seppälä, A., Lu, H. , Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J.. (2013) Geomagnetic activity signatures in wintertime stratosphere wind, temperature, and wave response. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50236

Carson, Bonar R., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2013) POES satellite observations of EMIC-wave driven relativistic electron precipitation during 1998-2010. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 118 (). pp. doi:10.1029/2012JA017998

2012

Clarke, Ellen, Clilverd, Mark , Macmillan, Susan. (2012) Geomagnetic and Solar Variability and Natural Climate Change. In: New Advances in Geophysics 2008, Geophysics of Global Climate Change Burlington House, London, 7-8 February 2008. .

Thomson, Neil R., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2012) Tropical daytime lower D-region dependence on sunspot number. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (). 9 pp. doi:10.1029/2012JA018077

Andersson, Monika E., Verronen, Pekka T., Wang, Shuhui, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Carson, Bonar R.. (2012) Precipitating radiation belt electrons and enhancements of mesospheric hydroxyl during 2004–2009. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2011JD017246

Lu, Hua , Li, Yun, Clilverd, Mark A. , Jarvis, Martin J.. (2012) Trend and abrupt changes in long-term geomagnetic indices. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (). 14 pp. 10.1029/2011JA017422

Menk, F.W., Ables, S.T., Grew, R.S., Clilverd, M.A. , Sandel, B.R.. (2012) The annual and longitudinal variations in plasmaspheric ion density. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2011JA017071

Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig J., Rae, Jonathan, Brundell, James B., Thomson, Neil R., Cobbett, Neil, Verronen, Pekka T., Menk, Fredrick W.. (2012) Combined THEMIS and ground-based observations of a pair of substorm-associated electron precipitation events. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2011JA016933

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Danskin, Donald, Usanova, Maria E., Raita, Tero, Ulich, Thomas, Spanswick, Emma L.. (2012) Energetic particle injection, acceleration, and loss during the geomagnetic disturbances which upset Galaxy 15. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 117 (). 16 pp. 10.1029/2012JA018175

Delport, B., Collier, A.B., Lichtenberger, J., Rodger, C.J., Parrot, M., Clilverd, M.A. , Friedel, R.H.W.. (2012) Simultaneous observation of chorus and hiss near the plasmapause. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 117 (). 16 pp. 10.1029/2012JA017609

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, M.A. , Kavanagh, Andrew J., Watt, Clare E.J., Verronen, Pekka T., Raita, Tero. (2012) Contrasting the responses of three different ground-based instruments to energetic electron precipitation. Radio Science, 47 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2011RS004971

2011

Thomson, Neil R., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark . (2011) Daytime D region parameters from long-path VLF phase and amplitude. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2011JA016910

Li, Yun, Lu, Hua , Jarvis, Martin J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Bates, Bryson. (2011) Nonlinear and nonstationary influences of geomagnetic activity on the winter North Atlantic Oscillation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116 (). 15 pp. 10.1029/2011JD015822

Verronen, Pekka T., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Wang, Shuhui. (2011) First evidence of mesospheric hydroxyl response to electron precipitation from the radiation belts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2010JD014965

Collier, A.B., Lichtenberger, J., Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Steinbach, P.. (2011) Source region for whistlers detected at Rothera, Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2010JA016197

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J.. (2011) Daytime midlatitude D region parameters at solar minimum from short-path VLF phase and amplitude. Journal of Geophysical Research, 116 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2010JA016248

Baumgaertner, A.J.G., Seppala, Annika, Jockel, P., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2011) Geomagnetic activity related NOx enhancements and polar surface air temperature variability in a chemistry climate model: modulation of the NAM index. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11 (). pp. 10.5194/acp-11-4521-2011

Newnham, David A. , Espy, Patrick J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Seppälä, Annika, Maxfield, David J., Hartogh, Paul, Holmén, Kim, Horne, Richard B. . (2011) Direct observations of nitric oxide produced by energetic electron precipitation into the Antarctic middle atmosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 38 (). 5 pp. 10.1029/2011GL048666

2010

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Gamble, Rory J., Ulich, Thomas, Raita, Tero, Seppälä, Annika, Green, Janet C., Thomson, Neil R., Sauvaud, Jean-André, Parrot, Michel. (2010) Ground-based estimates of outer radiation belt energetic electron precipitation fluxes into the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2010JA015638

Dietrich, Sarah, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Bortnik, Jacob, Raita, Tero. (2010) Relativistic microburst storm characteristics: Combined satellite and ground-based observations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2010JA015777

Lichtenberger, János, Ferencz, Csaba, Hamar, Daniel, Steinbach, Peter, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Collier, Andrew B.. (2010) Automatic Whistler Detector and Analyzer system: Implementation of the analyzer algorithm. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 7 pp. 10.1029/2010JA015931

Rodger, Craig J., Carson, Bonar R., Cummer, Steven A., Gamble, Rory J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Green, Janet C., Sauvaud, Jean-Andre, Parrot, Michel, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques. (2010) Contrasting the efficiency of radiation belt losses caused by ducted and nonducted whistler-mode waves from ground-based transmitters. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2010JA015880

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Seppälä, Annika, Thomson, Neil R., Gamble, Rory J., Parrot, Michel, Sauvaud, Jean-André, Ulich, Thomas. (2010) Radiation belt electron precipitation due to geomagnetic storms: Significance to middle atmosphere ozone chemistry. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2010JA015599

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Moffat-Griffin, Tracy , Spanswick, Emma, Breen, Paul , Menk, Frederick W., Grew, Russell S., Hayashi, Kanji, Mann, Ian R.. (2010) Energetic outer radiation belt electron precipitation during recurrent solar activity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 14 pp. 10.1029/2009JA015204

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Green, Janet C., Lam, Mai Mai . (2010) Use of POES SEM-2 observations to examine radiation belt dynamics and energetic electron precipitation into the atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2008JA014023

Ferencz, Csaba, Lichtenberger, Janos, Hamar, Daniel, Ferencz, Orsolya E., Steinbach, Peter, Szekely, Balazs, Parrot, Michel, Lefeuvre, Francois, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques, Clilverd, Mark . (2010) An unusual VLF signature structure recorded by the DEMETER satellite. Journal of Geophysical Research, 115 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2009JA014636

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Dietrich, Sarah, Raita, Tero, Ulich, Thomas, Clarke, Ellen, Thomson, Alan W.P., Kavanagh, Andrew J.. (2010) High-latitude geomagnetically induced current events observed on very low frequency radio wave receiver systems. Radio Science, 45 (). pp. 10.1029/2009RS004215

2009

Clilverd, M.A. , Seppala, A., Rodger, C.J., Mlynczak, M.G., Kozyra, J.U.. (2009) Additional stratospheric NOx production by relativistic electron precipitation during the 2004 spring NOx descent event. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2008JA013472

Clilverd, Mark. A. , Rodger, Craig. J., Brundell, James. B., Ulich, Thomas, Lichtenberger, Janos, Cobbett, Neil, Collier, Andrew.B., Menk, Frederick.W., Seppala, Annika, Verronen, Pekka.T., Turunen, Esa. (2009) Remote sensing space weather events: Antarctic-Arctic radiation-belt (Dynamic) Deposition-VLF Atmospheric Research Konsortium network. Space Weather, 7 (). 15 pp. doi:10.1029/2008SW000412

Seppälä, A., Randall, C.E., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rozanov, E., Rodger, C.J.. (2009) Geomagnetic activity and polar surface air temperature variability. Journal of Geophysical Research, 114 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2008JA014029

Turunen, Esa, Verronen, Pekka T., Seppälä, Annika, Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Tamminen, Johanna, Enell, Carl-Fredrik, Ulich, Thomas. (2009) Impact of different energies of precipitating particles on NOx generation in the middle and upper atmosphere during geomagnetic storms. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 71 (). pp. 10.1016/j.jastp.2008.07.005

2008

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Brundell, J.B., Bahr, J., Cobbett, N., Moffat-griffin, T. , Kavanagh, A.J., Seppala, A., Thomson, N.R., Friedel, R.H.W., Menk, F.W.. (2008) Energetic electron precipitation during substorm injection events: high-latitude fluxes and an unexpected midlatitude signature. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2008JA013220

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Gamble, Rory, Meredith, Nigel P. , Parrot, Michel, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques, Thomson, Neil R.. (2008) Ground-based transmitter signals observed from space: Ducted or nonducted?. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012602

Gamble, R.J., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Sauvaud, J.-A., Thomson, N.R., Stewart, S.L., Mccormick, R.J., Parrot, M., Berthelier, J.-.J.. (2008) Radiation belt electron precipitation by man-made VLF transmissions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 13 pp. 10.1029/2008JA013369

Lu, Hua , Clilverd, Mark A. , Seppälä, Annika, Hood, Lon L.. (2008) Geomagnetic perturbations on stratospheric circulation in late winter and spring. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 16 pp. doi:10.1029/2007JD008915

Rodger, C.J., Raita, T., Clilverd, M.A. , Seppala, A., Dietrich, S., Thomson, N.R., Ulich, T.. (2008) Observations of relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts driven by EMIC waves. Geophysical Research Letters, 35 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1029/2008GL034804

Rodger, C.J., Seppala, A., Clilverd, M.A. . (2008) Significance of transient luminous events to neutral chemistry: experimental measurements. Geophysical Research Letters, 35 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1029/2008GL033221

Rodger, C.J., Verronen, P.T., Clilverd, M.A. , Seppala, A., Turunen, E.. (2008) Atmospheric impact of the Carrington event solar protons. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 13 pp. doi:10.1029/2008JD010702

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2008) Magnetospheric physics – Hiss from the chorus. Nature, 452 (). pp. 10.1038/452041a

Seppala, A., Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Verronen, P.T., Turunen, E.. (2008) The effects of hard-spectra solar proton events on the middle atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113 (). 11 pp. doi:10.1029/2008JA013517

Dowden, Richard L., Holzworth, Robert H., Rodger, Craig J., Lichtenberger, Janos, Thomson, Neil R., Jacobson, Abram R., Lay, Erin, Blundell, James B., Lyons, Thomas J., O'Keefe, Steven, Kawasaki, Zen, Price, Colin, Prior, Victor, Ortega, Pascal, Weinman, James, Mikhailov, Yuri, Veliz, Oscar, Qie, Xiushu, Burns, Gary, Collier, Andrew, Diaz, Ricardo, Adamo, Claudia, Williams, Earle R., Kumar, Sushil, Raga, G.B., Rosado, Jose M., Avila, Eldo E., Clilverd, M.A. , Ulich, T., Gorham, Peter, Shanahan, Tom, Osipowicz, Thomas, Cook, Gregory, Zhao, Yang. (2008) World-wide lightning location using VLF propagation in the Earth-Ionosphere waveguide. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 50 (). pp.

2007

Clilverd, M.A. , Seppala, A., Rodger, C.J., Thomson, N.R., Lichtenberger, J., Steinbach, P.. (2007) Temporal variability of the descent of high-alitutude NOx inferred from ionospheric data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2006JA012085

Clilverd, Mark , Rodger, Craig, Moffat-Griffin, Tracy , Verronen, Pekka. (2007) Improved dynamic geomagnetic rigidity cutoff modeling: testing predictive accuracy. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 13 pp. doi:10.1029/2007JA012410

Seppälä, Annika, Verronen, Pekka T., Clilverd, Mark A. , Randall, Cora E., Tamminen, Johanna, Sofieva, Viktoria, Backman, Leif, Kyrölä, Erkki. (2007) Arctic and Antarctic polar winter NOx and energetic particle precipitation in 2002-2006. Geophysical Research Letters, 34 (). 5 pp. 10.1029/2007GL029733

Clilverd, M.A. , Meredith, N.P. , Horne, R.B. , Glauert, S.A. , Anderson, R.R., Thomson, N.R., Menk, F.W., Sandel, B.R.. (2007) Longitudinal and seasonal variations in plasmaspheric electron density: Implications for electron precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012416

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Millan, R.M., Sample, J.G., Kokorowski, M., Mccarthy, M.P., Ulich, T., Raita, T., Kavanagh, A.J., Spanswick, E.. (2007) Energetic particle precipitation into the middle atmosphere triggered by a coronal mass ejection. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012395

Grew, R.S., Menk, F.W., Clilverd, M.A. , Sandel, B.R.. (2007) Mass and electron densities in the inner magnetosphere during a prolonged disturbed interval. Geophysical Research Letters, 34 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1029/2006GL028254

Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Nunn, D., Verronen, P.T., Bortnik, J., Turunen, E.. (2007) Storm time short-lived bursts of relativistic electron precipitation detected by subionospheric radio wave propagation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012347

Rodger, C.J., Enell, C.-F., Turunen, E., Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Verronen, P.T.. (2007) Lightning-driven inner radiation belt energy deposition into the atmosphere: implications for ionisation-levels and neutral chemistry. Annales Geophysicae, 25 (). pp. doi:10.5194/angeo-25-1745-2007

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Thomson, Neil R., Gamble, Rory J., Seppala, Annika, Turunen, Esa, Meredith, Nigel P. , Parrot, Michel, Sauvaud, Jean Andre, Berthelier, Jean-Jacques. (2007) Radiation belt electron precipitation into the atmosphere: Recovery from a geomagnetic storm. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012383

Seppala, A., Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J.. (2007) NOx enhancements in the middle atmosphere during 2003-2004 polar winter: relative significance of solar proton events and the aurora as source. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2006JD008326

Thomson, N.R., Clilverd, M.A. , Mcrae, W.M.. (2007) Nighttime ionospheric D-region parameters from VLF phase and amplitude. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112 (). 14 pp. 10.1029/2007JA012271

Ulich, T., Clilverd, M.A. , Jarvis, M.J., Rishbeth, H.. (2007) Unravelling signs of global change in the ionosphere. In: Lilensten, J. (eds.). Space weather: research towards applications in Europe (2007), Dordrecht, Springer, pp. (Astrophysics and Space Science, ).

Verronen, P.T., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Pickett, H.M., Turunen, E.. (2007) Latitudinal extent of the January 2005 solar proton event in the Northern Hemisphere from satellite observations of hydroxyl. Annales Geophysicae, 25 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-25-2203-2007

2006

Clilverd, Mark A. , Seppala, Annika, Rodger, Craig J., Verronen, Pekka T., Thomson, Neil R.. (2006) Ionospheric evidence of thermosphere-to-stratosphere descent of polar NOx. Geophysical Research Letters, 33 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1029/2006GL026727

Seppälä, A., Verronen, P.T., Sofieva, V.F., Tamminen, J., Kyrölä, E., Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. . (2006) Destruction of the tertiary ozone maximum during a solar proton event. Geophysical Research Letters, 33 (). 4 pp. doi:10.1029/2005GL025571

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Ulich, Thomas. (2006) The importance of atmospheric precipitation in storm-time relativistic electron flux drop outs. Geophysical Research Letters, 33 (). 5 pp. 10.1029/2005GL024661

Clilverd, Mark A. , Seppala, Annika, Rodger, Craig J., Thomson, Neil R., Verronen, Pekka T., Turunen, Esa, Ulich, Thomas, Lichtenberger, Janos, Steinbach, Peter. (2006) Modeling polar ionospheric effects during the October-November 2003 solar proton events. Radio Science, 41 (). 15 pp. 10.1029/2005RS003290

Clilverd, Mark , Clarke, Ellen, Ulich, T, Rishbeth, H, Jarvis, Martin. (2006) Predicting Solar Cycle 24 and beyond. Space Weather, 4 (). pp. 10.1029/2005SW000207

Menk, F.W., Clilverd, M.A. , Yearby, K.H., Milinevski, G., Thomson, N.R., Rose, M.C.. (2006) ULF Doppler oscillation of L = 2.5 flux tubes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2005JA011192

Meredith, Nigel P. , Horne, Richard B. , Clilverd, Mark A. , Horsfall, David, Thorne, Richard M., Anderson, Roger R.. (2006) Origins of plasmaspheric hiss. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111 (). 12 pp. doi:10.1029/2006JA11707

Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Ulich, T., Verronen, P.T., Turunen, E., Thomson, N.R.. (2006) The atmospheric implications of radiation belt remediation. Annales Geophysicae, 24 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-24-2025-2006

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Verronen, Pekka T., Ulich, Thomas, Jarvis, Martin J., Turunen, Esa. (2006) Dynamic geomagnetic rigidity cutoff variations during a solar proton event. Journal of Geophysical Research, 111 (). 12 pp. 10.1029/2005JA011395

2005

Jarvis, Martin J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Rose, Mike C., Rodwell, Shane. (2005) Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) at Halley (76°S, 27°W), Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (). 5 pp. doi:10.1029/2004GL021804

Clilverd, Mark A. , Clarke, Ellen, Ulich, Thomas, Linthe, Joachim, Rishbeth, Henry. (2005) Reconstructing the long-term aa index. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110 (). 7 pp. doi:10.1029/2004JA010762

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Ulich, Thomas, Seppala, Annika, Turunen, Esa, Botman, Aurelein, Thomson, Neil R.. (2005) Modeling a large solar proton event in the southern polar atmosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110 (). 7 pp. doi:10.1029/2004JA010922

Rodger, C.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Nunn, D., Lichtenberger, J.. (2005) Lightning driven inner radiation belt energy deposition into the atmosphere: regional and global estimates. Annales Geophysicae, 23 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-23-3419-2005

Rose, Mike C., Clilverd, Mark A. , Jarvis, Martin J., Rodwell, Shane. (2005) Polar mesosphere summer echo detection using a dynasonde. Radio Science, 40 (). 7 pp. doi:10.1029/2005RS003249

Thomson, Neil R., Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2005) Large solar flares and their ionospheric D region enhancements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110 (). 10 pp. doi:10.1029/2005JA011008

Verronen, Pekka T., Seppala, Annika, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Kyrola, Erkki, Enell, Carl-Fredrik, Ulich, Thomas, Turunen, Esa. (2005) Diurnal variation of ozone depletion during the October–November 2003 solar proton events. Journal of Geophysical Research, 110 (). 12 pp. doi:10.1029/2004JA010932

2004

Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Nunn, D.. (2004) Radiation belt electron precipitation fluxes associated with lightning. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109 (). 8 pp. 10.1029/2004JA010644

Chu, Xinzhao, Nott, Graeme J., Espy, Patrick J., Gardner, Chester S., Diettrich, Jan C., Clilverd, Mark A. , Jarvis, Martin J.. (2004) Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at Rothera, Antarctica (67.5 degrees S, 68.0 degrees W). Geophysical Research Letters, 31 (). 5 pp. 10.1029/2003GL018638

Jones, G.O.L., Clilverd, M.A. , Espy, P.J., Chew, S., Fritts, D.C., Riggin, D.M.. (2004) An alternative explanation of PMSE-like scatter in MF radar data. Annales Geophysicae, 22 (). pp.

Menk, F.W., Mann, I.R., Smith, A.J., Waters, C.L., Clilverd, M.A. , Milling, D.K.. (2004) Monitoring the plasmapause using geomagnetic field line resonances. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109 (). pp. 10.1029/2003JA010097

Nunn, D., Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J., Thomson, N.R.. (2004) The impact of PMSE and NLC particles on VLF propagation. Annales Geophysicae, 22 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-22-1563-2004

Rodger, C.J., Nunn, D., Clilverd, M.A. . (2004) Investigating radiation belt losses though numerical modelling of precipitating fluxes. Annales Geophysicae, 22 (). pp. 10.5194/angeo-22-3657-2004

Rodger, Craig J., McCormick, Robert J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2004) Testing the importance of precipitation loss mechanisms in the inner radiation belt. Geophysical Research Letters, 31 (). 5 pp. 10.1029/2004GL019501

2003

Dent, Zoë C., Mann, I.R., Menk, F.W., Goldstein, J., Wilford, C.R., Clilverd, M.A. , Ozeke, L.G.. (2003) A coordinated ground-based and IMAGE satellite study of quiet-time plasmaspheric density profiles. Geophysical Research Letters, 30 (). 4 pp. 10.1029/2003GL016946

Clilverd, M.A. , Menk, F.W., Milinevski, G., Sandel, B.R., Goldstein, J., Reinisch, B.W., Wilford, C.R., Rose, M.C., Thomson, N.R., Yearby, K.H., Bailey, G.J., Mann, I.R., Carpenter, D.L.. (2003) In situ and ground-based intercalibration measurements of plasma density at L = 2.5. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (). 10 pp. 10.1029/2003JA009866

Clilverd, M.A. , Ulich, T., Jarvis, M.J.. (2003) Residual solar cycle influence on trends in ionospheric F2-layer peak height. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (). 8 pp. 10.1029/2003JA009838

Clilverd, Mark A. , Clarke, Ellen, Rishbeth, Henry, Clark, Toby D.G., Ulich, Thomas. (2003) Solar activity levels in 2100. Astronomy and Geophysics, 44 (). pp. 10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44520.x

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , McCormick, Robert J.. (2003) Significance of lightning-generated whistlers to inner radiation belt electron lifetimes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (). 14 pp. 10.1029/2003JA009906

Ulich, Thomas, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rishbeth, Henry. (2003) Determining long-term change in the ionosphere. Eos. Transactions, American Geophysical Union, 84 (). pp. doi:10.1029/2003EO520002

2002

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2002) Inner radiation belt electron lifetimes due to whistler-induced electron precipitation (WEP) driven losses. Geophysical Research Letters, 29 (). pp. 10.1029/2002GL015795

Clilverd, Mark A , Clark, Toby D.G., Clarke, Ellen, Rishbeth, Henry, Ulich, Thomas. (2002) The causes of long-term change in the aa index. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (). pp. 10.1029/2001JA000501

Clilverd, Mark A. , Nunn, David, Lev-Tov, Sean J., Inan, Umran S., Dowden, Richard L., Rodger, Craig J., Smith, Andy J.. (2002) Determining the size of lightning-induced electron precipitation patches. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2001JA000301

Jarvis, M.J., Clilverd, M.A. , Ulich, Th.. (2002) Methodological influences on F-region peak height trend analyses. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 27 (). pp. 10.1016/S1474-7065(02)00041-4

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Dowden, Richard L.. (2002) D region reflection height modification by whistler-induced electron precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107 (). 11 pp. 10.1029/2001JA000311

2001

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Thomson, Neil R., Yearby, Keith H.. (2001) Investigating the possible association between thunderclouds and plasmaspheric ducts. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106 (). pp. 10.1029/2001JA000081

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Thomson, Neil R., Lichtenberger, János, Steinbach, Péter, Cannon, Paul, Angling, Matthew J.. (2001) Total solar eclipse effects on VLF signals: observations and modeling. Radio Science, 36 (). pp. 10.1029/2000RS002395

Dowden, Richard, Rodger, Craig, Brundell, James, Clilverd, Mark . (2001) Decay of whistler-induced electron precipitation and cloud-ionosphere electrical discharge Trimpis: observations and analysis. Radio Science, 36 (). pp. 10.1029/1999RS002297

Rodger, Craig J., Cho, Mengu, Clilverd, Mark A. , Rycroft, Michael J.. (2001) Lower ionospheric modification by lightning-EMP: simulation of the night ionosphere over the United States. Geophysical Research Letters, 28 (). pp. 10.1029/2000GL011951

Smith, A.J, Grieve, M.B, Clilverd, M.A. , Rodger, C.J. (2001) A quantitative estimate of the ducted whistler power within the outer plasmasphere. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 63 (). pp. doi:10.1016/S1364-6826(00)00128-0

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark . (2001) Solar flare induced ionospheric D-region enhancements from VLF amplitude observations. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 63 (). pp. doi:10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00048-7

Watkins, N.W., Bharmal, N.A., Clilverd, M.A. , Smith, A.J.. (2001) Comparison of VLF sferics intensities at Halley, Antarctica, with tropical lightning and temperature. Radio Science, 36 (). pp. doi:10.1029/2000RS002367

Watkins, N.W., Clilverd, M.A. , Smith, A.J, Rodger, C.J., Bharmal, N.A., Yearby, K.H.. (2001) Lightning atmospherics count rates observed at Halley, Antarctica. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 63 (). pp. doi:10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00009-8

2000

Clilverd, Mark A. , Jenkins, Barbara, Thomson, Neil R.. (2000) Plasmaspheric storm time erosion. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900497

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Yearby, Keith H., Smith, Andy J.. (2000) Is magnetospheric line radiation man-made?. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA000413

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Yearby, Keith H., Smith, Andy J.. (2000) Temporal properties of magnetospheric line radiation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900420

Rose, Mike C., Jarvis, Martin J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Maxfield, David J., Rosenberg, Theodore J.. (2000) The effect of snow accumulation on imaging riometer performance. Radio Science, 35 (). pp. doi:10.1029/2000RS002314

Thomson, Neil R., Clilverd, Mark A. . (2000) Solar cycle changes in daytime VLF subionospheric attenuation. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 62 (). pp. doi:10.1016/S1364-6826(00)00026-2

1999

Clilverd, Mark A. , Rodger, Craig J., Thomson, Neil R.. (1999) Investigating seismoionospheric effects on a long subionospheric path. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900285

Clilverd, Mark A. , Thomson, Neil R., Rodger, Craig J.. (1999) Sunrise effects on VLF signals propagating over a long north-south path. Radio Science, 34 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999RS900052

Clilverd, Mark A. , Watkins, Nicholas W., Smith, Andy J., Yearby, Keith H.. (1999) Diurnal and annual variations in 10-kHz radio noise. Radio Science, 34 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999RS900009

Clilverd, Mark A. , Yeo, Richard F., Nunn, David, Smith, Andy J.. (1999) Latitudinally dependent Trimpi effects: modeling and observations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900108

Menk, F. W., Orr, D., Clilverd, M. A. , Smith, A. J., Waters, C. L., Milling, D. K., Fraser, B. J.. (1999) Monitoring spatial and temporal variations in the dayside plasmasphere using geomagnetic field line resonances. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900205

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Thomson, Neil R.. (1999) Modeling of subionospheric VLF signal perturbations associated with earthquakes. Radio Science, 34 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999RS900061

Rodger, Craig J., Clilverd, Mark A. , Yearby, Keith H., Smith, Andy J.. (1999) Magnetospheric line radiation observations at Halley, Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1999JA900153

1998

Clilverd, M.A. , Clark, T.D.G., Clarke, E., Rishbeth, H.. (1998) Increased magnetic storm activity from 1868 to 1995. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 60 (). pp. 10.1016/S1364-6826(98)00049-2

Watkins, Nicholas W., Clilverd, Mark A. , Smith, Andy J., Yearby, Keith H.. (1998) A 25-year record of 10 kHz sferics noise in Antarctica: Implications for tropical lightning levels. Geophysical Research Letters, 25 (). pp. doi:10.1029/1998GL900146

1997

Thomson, N. R., Clilverd, M. A. , Smith, A. J.. (1997) Evidence of more efficient whistler-mode transmission during periods of increased magnetic activity. Annales Geophysicae, 15 (). pp. doi:10.1007/s00585-997-0999-9

1996

Yearby, K.H., Clilverd, M.A. . (1996) Doppler shift pulsations on whistler mode signals from a VLF transmitter. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 58 (). pp. doi:10.1016/0021-9169(95)00184-0

Lev-Tov, Sean J., Inan, Umran S., Smith, Andy J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (1996) Characteristics of localized ionospheric disturbances inferred from VLF measurements at two closely spaced receivers. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 101 (). pp. doi:10.1029/96JA00980

Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Smith, A.J.. (1996) Ducted whistler-mode signals received at two widely spaced locations. Annales Geophysicae, 14 (). pp. doi:10.1007/s00585-996-0619-0

Clilverd, Mark A. , Horne, Richard B. . (1996) Ground-based evidence of latitude-dependent cyclotron absorption of whistler mode signals originating from VLF transmitters. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 101 (). pp. doi:10.1029/95JA03153

1995

Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Smith, A.J.. (1995) The effect of the mid-latitude ionospheric trough on whistler mode ducting during magnetic storms. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 57 (). pp. doi:10.1016/0021-9169(94)00083-Z

1994

Balmforth, H. F., Clilverd, M. A. , Smith, A. J.. (1994) A case study of storm commencement and recovery plasmaspheric electric fields near L=2.5 at equinox. Annales Geophysicae, 12 (). pp. doi:10.1007/s00585-994-0625-z

1993

Clilverd, M.A. , Clark, T.D.G., Smith, A.J., Thomson, N.R.. (1993) Observation of a decrease in mid-latitude whistler mode signal occurrence prior to geomagnetic storms. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 55 (). pp. 10.1016/0021-9169(93)90113-D

Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Smith, A.J.. (1993) The influence of ionospheric absorption on mid-latitude whistler mode signal occurrence from VLF transmitters. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 55 (). pp. 10.1016/0021-9169(93)90112-C

1992

Clilverd, M.A. , Smith, A..J., Thomson, N.R.. (1992) The effects of ionospheric horizontal electron density gradients on whistler mode signals. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 54 (). pp. 10.1016/0021-9169(92)90072-S

Clilverd, M.A. , Thomson, N.R., Smith, A.J.. (1992) Observation of two preferred propagation paths for whistler mode VLF signals received at a non-conjugate location. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 54 (). pp. 10.1016/0021-9169(92)90073-T

Sazhin, S.S., Smith, A.J., Bullough, K., Clilverd, M.A. , Saxton, J.M., Strangeways, H.J., Tarcsai, Gy.. (1992) Group delay times of whistler-mode signals from VLF transmitters observed at Faraday, Antarctica. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, 54 (). pp. 10.1016/0021-9169(92)90088-3

1991

Smith, A.J., Clilverd, Mark A. . (1991) Magnetic storm effects on the mid-latitude plasmasphere. Planetary and Space Science, 39 (). pp. 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90114-P

Clilverd, Mark A. , Smith, A.J., Thomson, N.R.. (1991) The annual variation in quiet time plasmaspheric electron density, determined from whistler mode group delays. Planetary and Space Science, 39 (). pp. 10.1016/0032-0633(91)90113-O

1989

Saxton, J.M., Clilverd, Mark A. . (1989) Structure and motion in the inner magnetosphere, studied with very low frequency radio waves. In: Heywood, R.B. (eds.). University research in Antarctica. Proceedings of British Antarctic Survey Antarctic Special Topic Scheme Symposium 9-10 November 1988, Cambridge, British Antarctic Survey, pp.

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